schizoid personality disorder

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Schizoid personality disorder:

Schizoid personality disorder (SPD) is a personality disorder characterized by lack of interest in social relationships,  a tendency towards a solitary or sheltered lifestyle, secretiveness, emotional coldness, detachment and apathy. Affected individuals may be unable to form intimate attachments to others and simultaneously demonstrate a rich, elaborate and exclusively internal fantacy  world.
     people with schizoid personality disorder shy away from interactions with others. They lack the desire or skill to form close personal relationship. Because they don't tend to shoe emotion, they may appear as though they don't care about others or what's going on around them.

Schizoid personality disorder and schizophrenia:

Many people with SPD is not the same as schizophrenia or schizotypal personality disorder. Many people with SPD are able to function fairly well although they tend to choose jobs that allow them to work alone, such as night security officer, library or lab workers. But there  is some evidence of links and shared genetic risk between SPD, other cluster A personality disorders and schizophrenia. Thus SPD is considered to be a "schizophrenia-like personality disorder".

Symptoms of SPD:

people with SPD often are reclusive, organizing their lives to avoid contact with other people. May never marry or may continue to live with their parents as adults. Other common traits of people with SPD include the following:
  • they don't desire or enjoy close relationships eve with family members
  • they choose solitary jobs and activities
  • they take pleasure in few activities, including sex
  • they have no close friends except first-degree relative
  • they have difficulty relating to others
  • they are indifferent to praise or criticism
  • they are aloof and show little emotion
  • they might daydream and/or create vivid fantacies of complex inner lives
  • many appear to lack motivation and goal

Causes of SPD:

What causes the development of schizoid personality is unknown, although a combination of genetic and environmental factors particularly in early childhood may play role in developing the disorder.

Genetic factor:

Having a parent or other relative who has schizoid personality disorder, schizotypal personality disorder or schizophrenia increases the chances for the development of SPD.

Environmental factors:

Having a parent who was cold, neglectful or unresponsive to emotional needs.
     In general parental caloric malnutrition, premature birth and a low birth weight are risk factors for being afflicted by mental disorders and many contribute to the development of schizoid personality disorder as well. Those who have experienced traumatic brain injury may be also at risk of developing features reflective of SPD. 

Developmental coarse:

Schizoid personality disorder usually begins by early adulthood, though some features may be noticeable during childhood. SPD affects men more often than women.

Complications:

The lives of individual with SPD sometimes seem directionless and they appear to drift in their goals. They have difficulty responding to important life events. They are at an increased risk of developing anxiety, depression, schizotypal personality disorder, schizophrenia or another delusion disorder.

Treatments:

People with SPD rarely seek treatment because thought and behavior generally don't cause them distress.

Psychotherapy: 

When treatment is sought, psychotherapy_ a form of counseling_ is the form of treatment most often used. Treatment likely will focus on increasing general coping skills, as well as on improving social interaction, communication and self-esteem. Because trust is an important component of therapy, treatment can be challenging for the therapist because people with SPD have difficulty forming relationships with others, social skills training also can be an important component of treatment.
    Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can be used. But because CBT generally begins with identifying the automatic thoughts one should be aware of the potential hazards that can happen when working with schizoid patient.

Medications:

Medication is generally not used to treat SPD itself. Vitamins and dietary supplements are ineffective for all personality disorders. Drugs might, however, be prescribed if the person also suffer from an associated psychological problem, such as depression.
     Reference: schizoid personality disorder.(n.d).retrieved from:https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/mental-health-schizoid-personality-disorder

  • schizoid personality disorder.(n.d).retrieved from:www.mentalhealth.com/home/dx/schizoidpersonality.html.
  • schizoid personality disorder.(n.d).retrieved from:https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions-schizoid-personality-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20354414
  • schizoid personality disorder.(n.d).retrieved from:https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wili/schizoid-personality-disorder      

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