Obsessive compulsive personality disorder

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Obsessive compulsive personality disorder:

Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) is a personality disorder characterized by a general pattern of concern with orderliness, perfectionism, excessive attention to details, mental and interpersonal control, and a need for control over one's environment, at the expense of flexibility, openness to experience, and efficiency. Workaholism and miserliness are also seen often in those with this personality disorder. Persons affected with this disorder may find it hard to relax, always feeling that time is running out for their activities, and that more effort is needed to achieve their goals. They may plan their activities down to the minute—a manifestation of the compulsive tendency to keep control over their environment and to dislike unpredictable events as elements beyond their control.

Developmental coarse:

Because personality disorders describe long-standing and enduring patterns of behavior, they are most often diagnosed in adulthood. It is uncommon for them to be diagnosed in childhood or adolescence, because a child or teen is under constant development, personality changes, and maturation. However OCPD occurs in about 2–8% of the general population and 8–9% of psychiatric outpatients. The disorder occurs more often in men., if it is diagnosed in a child or teen, the features must have been present for at least 1 year.
Like most personality disorders, obsessive-compulsive personality disorder typically will decrease in intensity with age, with many people experiencing few of the most extreme symptoms by the time they are in their 40s or 50s.

Symptoms:

The symptoms of OCPD include:
  • perfectionism to the point that it impairs the ability to finish tasks
  • stiff, formal, or rigid mannerisms
  • being extremely frugal with money
  • an overwhelming need to be punctual
  • extreme attention to detail
  • excessive devotion to work at the expense of family or social relationships
  • hoarding worn or useless items
  • an inability to share or delegate work because of a fear it won’t be done right
  • a fixation with lists
  • a rigid adherence to rules and regulations
  • an overwhelming need for order
  • a sense of righteousness about the way things should be done
  • a rigid adherence to moral and ethical codes
    • OCPD is diagnosed when symptoms impair your ability to function and interact with others.

    Obsessive compulsive personality disorder & obsessive compulsive disorder:

    OCPD is often confused with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Despite the similar names, they are two distinct disorders—OCD is an anxiety disorder and OCPD is a personality disorder. Some OCPD individuals do have OCD, and the two are sometimes found in the same family,sometimes along with eating disorders. People with OCPD do not generally feel the need to repeatedly perform ritualistic actions—a common symptom of OCD—and usually find pleasure in perfecting a task, whereas people with OCD are often more distressed after their actions.
    While there is considerable overlap between the two disorders, there are four, basic ways to tell OCD and OCPD apart:
    • OCD is defined by the presence of true obsessions and/or compulsions. With OCPD, the behaviors are not directed by thoughts you are unable to control or irrational behaviors you repeat over and over again, often with no apparent aim.
    • Persons with OCD are typically distressed by the nature of their behaviors or thoughts however much they are unable to control them. People with OCPD, by contrast, fully believe that their actions have an aim and purpose.
    • Persons with OCD will often seek professional help to overcome the irrational nature of their behavior and the persistent state of anxiety they live under. Persons with OCPD will usually not seek help because they don't see anything they are doing is particularly abnormal or irrational.
    • In persons with OCD, the symptoms tend to fluctuate in association with the underlying anxiety. Because OCPD is defined by inflexibility, the behaviors tend to be persistent and unchanging over the long term.

    • Causes:
    • Researchers today don’t know what causes obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, however, there are many theories about the possible causes.  Most professionals subscribe to a biopsychosocial model of causation — that is, the causes are likely due to biological and genetic factors, social factors (such as how a person interacts in their early development with their family and friends and other children), and psychological factors (the individual’s personality and temperament, shaped by their environment and learned coping skills to deal with stress). This suggests that no single factor is responsible — rather, it is the complex and likely intertwined nature of all three factors that are important. If a person has this personality disorder, research suggests that there is a slightly increased risk for this disorder to be “passed down” to their children.

    • Treatment:
    • If you have OCPD, your therapist will likely use a three-pronged approach to treatment, which includes the following:

    • Cognitive behavioral therapy: 
    • Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a common type of mental health counseling. During CBT, you meet with a mental health professional on a structured schedule. These regular sessions involve working with your counselor to talk through any anxiety, stress, or depression. A mental health counselor may encourage you to put less emphasis on work and more emphasis on recreation, family, and other interpersonal relationships.
    • Medication:
    • Your doctor may consider prescribing a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) to decrease some anxiety surrounding the obsessive-compulsive cycle. If you’re prescribed an SSRI, you may also benefit from support groups and regular treatment from a psychiatrist. Long-term prescription use isn’t usually recommended for OCPD.
    • Relaxation training:
    • Relaxation training involves specific breathing and relaxation techniques that can help decrease your sense of stress and urgency. These symptoms are common in OCPD. Examples of recommended relaxation practices include yoga, tai chi, and Pilates.

    •     Image result for obsessive compulsive personality disorder

    • References:
  • Obsessive compulsive personality disorder.(n.d).Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/obsessive-compulsive-personality-disorder.accessed on 15 march 2018
  • Psych central.(n.d).Retrieved from: https://psychcental.com/disorder/obsessive-compulsive-personality-disorder/
  • health line.(n.d).Retrieved from: https://www.healthline.com/health/obsessive-compulsive-personality-disorder.accessed on 15 march 2018
  • verrywellmind.(n.d).Retrieved from: https://www.verrywellmind.com/ocd-vs-obsessive-compulsive-personality-disorder-2510584.accessed on 15 march 2018.

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